Overview

This is a short treatise on the Shafi’i laws of faraid (rules), focusing on inheritance, translated from Imam Abu ‘Abd Allah Muhammad b. Idris al-Shafi’i (150-204/767-820), the founder of the Shafi’i madhhab.  Following Idah al-Bab, the writing of this text makes it clear that Shaykh Daud al-Fatani had taken it upon himself to translate some of the key Shafi’i legal codes into Malay for use back in Southeast Asia.

Authorship

Completed “malam Juma 5 Safar 1226 AH” [1 Mar 1811] by Shaykh Daud b. ‘Abd Allah al-Fatani in Mecca.

Manuscripts

This was one of the most commonly copied manuscripts of Shaykh Daud al-Fatani and maintained its popularity from the 1820s into the early decades of twentieth century.  It sometimes appeared in manuscript compilations that included Shaykh Daud al-Fatani’s other works such as Idah al-Bab li Murid al-Nikah bi-l-Sawab or Sullam al-Mubtadi fi Bayan Tariqat al-Muhtadi, but more commonly was included with works by other scholars in the Patani scholarly network.

54 known manuscript copies

Dated Manuscripts (13):

1. 1821, Sep 29. Copied by Ahmad b. Abu Bakr, “hari Juma 2 Muharam 1237 AH,” in Yala. PNM 2419: 18 ff.
2. 1821/2. Copied by Mahmud b. Muhammad Yusuf, 1237 AH. PNM 1747: 50 pp.
3. 1826, Nov 9. Copied “hari Ahad, 8 Rabi al-akhir 1242 AH.” PNM 522: 21 ff.
4. 1830/1. Copied “hari Ahad, 1246 AH” in Patani. PNM 2260(2): 25 ff., incomplete. Once owned by Muhammad Tahir b. Yahya Fatani.
5. 1851, Oct/Nov. Copied “hari Khamis bulan Muharam 1268 AH” in Mecca. PNM 2338: 18 ff.
6. 1853, Jan 23. Copied by Muhammad Salih “pada waktu duha, Juma, 12 Rabi al-akhir 1269 AH” in Mecca. IAM 391: 42 pp.
7. 1858, Oct 13. Copied “hari Selasa 5 Rabi al-awwal 1275 AH.” PNM 1966: 54 pp.
8. 1873, Feb 7. Copied by Muhammad Saman Fatani, “Rabu, 9 Dhi Hijja 1289 AH,” in Mecca. PNM 1147: 20 ff. Contains an alternative original author date of 5 Safar 1227 AH [19 Feb 1812].
9. 1879, Apr/May. Copied “bulan Ramadan 1296 AH” in Mecca. PNM 231: 22 ff.
10. 1883, Jun 13. Copied by Muhammad Hussein b. ‘Abd al-Latif “hari Rabu 7 Shaaban 1300 AH” in Kampung Beris negeri Kelaba [Patani]. PNM 2481: 16 ff. Once owned by Haji Muhammad Hussein anak ‘Abd al-Latif dari Kampung Beris negeri Kelaba (same as the copyist).
11. 1884, Dec 11. Copied by Awan b. Haji Mukim Kampung Hulu, “pada tengah hari gelincir matahari zuhur Jumaat 22 Safar 1302 AH,” in Kampung Tengah Bendang, Patani. IAM 121A. Bound together with IAM 121B: [kitab lalai sembahyang].
12. 1895/6. Copied by Wan Ngah, 1313 AH, in Kampung Pauh Baka negeri Jersam [Patani]. PNM 220: 24 ff., incomplete. Contains an alternate original date of 5 Safar 1295 AH [8 Feb 1878], which may either be a misreading of the original author date (which also occurred on 5 Safar, albeit 1226, or the source manuscript copyist date).
13. 1902, Mar 31. Copied by Wan [‘Abd al-Rahman b. Tuan Haji] Iman [Isma‘il] dari kampung Pusin negeri Yala [Patani], “hari Rabu 21 Dhu Hijja 1319 AH.” PNM 2733B: 18 ff., double black (outer) and single brown (inner) frame. Bound together with PNM 2733A: Sullam al-Mubtadi fi Bayan Tariqat al-Muhtadi.

Manuscripts with undated or partially dated colophons (6):

1. Copied by Ismail in Mecca. IAM 65: 22 pp.
2. Copied by Shaykh Idris al-Fatani. IAM 127: 38 pp.
3. Copied by [Haji ‘Abd al-Rauf b. Haji Wan Hussein], sometime after 3 Shaaban 1295 AH [39 Sep 1878] in [Mecca]. PNM 207B: 6 ff. Bound together with PNM 207A: Sullam al-Mubtadi.
4. Copied “hari Juma bulan Rajab.” PNM 472B: 28 ff. Bound together with PNM 472A: Idah al-Bab.
5. Copied by ‘Abd al-Qadid b. ‘Abd al-Maqnu, “hari Ahad, bulan Rajab,”  in Kampung Baqid. PNM 835: 22 ff.

Manuscripts without colophons (35):

1. DBP 132: 52 pp. Obtained from the collection of ‘Abd al-Rahman b. Ismail, 14 Oct 1980.
2. IAM 52: 19 pp., incomplete.
3. IAM 148: 38 pp.
4. IAM 186A: 34 pp., incomplete. Bound together with IAM 186B: [kitab hikam puasa].
5. IAM 387: 19 pp., incomplete.
6. IAM 481: 109 pp., incomplete.
7. IAM 587: 45 pp., incomplete.
8. IAM 651: 36 pp., incomplete, poor condition.
9. IAM 709: 187 pp., incomplete, poor condition.
10. MNT D105: 17 ff.
11. PNM 164: 32 ff., incomplete. Contains alternative original author date of 5 Safar 1236 AH [12 Nov 1820].
12. PNM 207B: 6 ff., incomplete. Bound together with PNM 207A: Sullam al-Mubtadi fi Bayan Tariqat al-Muhtadi.
13. PNM 212: 8 ff., incomplete.
14. PNM 230: 34 ff. Contains an alternative original author date of 5 Safar 1234 AH [4 Dec 1818].
15. PNM 262: 15 ff., incomplete.
16. PNM 278: 10 ff.,incomplete.
17. PNM 515(2): 20 ff.
18. PNM 529: 18 ff.
19. PNM 620: 16 ff., incomplete.
20. PNM 672: 10 ff., incomplete.
21. PNM 896: 21 ff.
22. PNM 1146: 32 ff.
23. PNM 1170: 6 ff., incomplete.
24. PNM 1543: 19 ff., incomplete.
25. PNM 1979: 72 pp.
26. PNM 2000: 19 pp., incomplete.
27. PNM 2326(1): 17 ff., incomplete.
28. PNM 2384: 19 ff.
29. PNM 2446(1): 17 ff., incomplete.
30. PNM 2557: 10 ff., incomplete.
31. PNM 2600: 21 ff., incomplete.
32. PNM 3037A: 7 ff., incomplete. Bound with PNM 3037B: Firasat dan azimat.
33. PNM 3156: 19 ff.
34. PNM 3354: 14 ff., incomplete.
35. UM Manuskrip 247: 20 ff.

Published Editions

1. 1887/8. Mecca: litho., 1305 AH. Advertised and sold by bookshops in Singapore 1887-94. Holding: MNI.
2. 1911/2. Mecca: Matba’ah al-Turqi al-Ajidiyya, 1330 AH. Holding: PNM.
3. 1926. Mecca: Matba’ah Attaqaddumul Ilmiya al-Muja’wara li-s-Sahah al-Azhariyya. Holding: PNM.
4. 1920s. Cairo: Dar al-Kutub al-Arabiyya, undated.
5. c. 1940-42. Singapore: Matbaah Sulaiman Mari. Holding: PNM.
6. 1955. Patani. Holding: KITLV, UKM.
7. Undated. Penang: Matba’ah Dar al-Ma’arif, based on Cairo edition.